Hodnocení vývoje zaměstnanosti, průměrné mzdy a produktivity práce pomocí shift-share analýzy

The enlargement of the EU in 2004 considerably increased differences in national production; however differences in regional level were even more significant. 90 % of population in new member states live in regions with gross domestic product per capita lower than 75 % of the EU average; compared to 13 % of such regions in the EU15. The shift-share analysis decomposed the dynamics of employment, average wage and labour productivity in 2004–2008. The change is distributed into national, proportional, regional and differential component. Regional differences in labour productivity are further assessed by static shift-share analysis. There are many specific features in regions and sector that have to be paid attention to. To begin with, there is a significant difference in the labour productivity of the City of Prague and in other regions. This difference is caused by a significant variation in labour productivity of the most important sectors accelerated by high share of some sectors that are important in the capital city. In absolute terms, there is a difference in the level of an average wage in Prague and in other regions, however, the growth rate of an average wage in regions copy the national trends. This is reflected in balanced values of the regional components. The labour productivity in the capital city is higher by 96 % comparedto the average of the Czech Republic; labour productivity in other regions is below the average. A two-way analysis of variance of each variable revealed significant differences (α = 0.05) in the growth rates among sectors; differences among regions were not proved. A static shift-share analysis proved a significant influence of the productivity differential component that explained 97 % of total variability.