Kvantifikácia efektivity činností dopravných podnikov pomocou Data Envelopment Analysis

Effectiveness quantification of enterprises and identification of causes, eventually of resources of their inefficiency is an important assumption which determines their position in competitive setting. There are used lots of different quotient indicators to analyze effectiveness in practice which arise from standard reports of financial statement. Calculation of quotient indicators is simple, however we can locate only a few factors which influence complete „work“ effectiveness of diagnosed enterprise. New procedures have recently started to be used for measurements of relative effectiveness of production units. Procedure file of the procedures, methods and algorithms is called in general Data Envelopment Analysis DEA. It is about methods which represent a particular field of application on linear programming. DEA is a method of linear programming which was originally developed for regarding of effectiveness of driving and planning of non - profitable institutions (e.g. schools, hospitals, etc). Afterwards its application spread to some economical fields as well, where there is measured effectiveness of different enterprises or organization units by means of DEA. Presented contribution is dealing with quantification of effectiveness of road transportation companies by means of DEA and monitoring of effectiveness of companies in time by means of Malmqist index. It is divided into 2 sections. In the first section you will find description of basic DEA models and the second is devoted to Malmquist index. Malmquist index is one of the quantitative implements of evaluating the effectiveness, which attempts a model description of influence of technology modifications and their separation from other sources of increasing eventually decreasing of effectiveness of companies. It enables its separation into two components during evaluation of amendments in time - amendment of relative effectiveness against set of other units (road transportation companies) and amendments of borders of production possibilities evoked by new technologies.