VYUŽÍVANIE PLATOBNÝCH KARIET A EFEKTÍVNOSŤ BÁNK

The dynamic development of the use of credit cards there in recent years in all EU Member States, as evidenced by the growth of ATM, EFTPOS terminals, and the value of payments made by them. The aim of this paper was to analyse whether the development of the use of payment cards have a positive impact on the efficiency of the EU banking sector measured by DEA models. The starting point was the status of selected variables (number of ATM and EFTPOS terminals, total assets to a credit institution, the value of payments made via ATM and EFTPOS terminals per capita, the value of deposits and loans) in the banking sectors of the 27 EU countries in 2001 and 2011. Considered variables in these years became the basis for evaluating the effectiveness by CCR and BCC input oriented model. Calculation of the efficiency score was found to Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, France, Italy, Malta, Poland and Slovakia were positively influenced by the use of credit cards. For these countries, the percentage increase in the number of ATMs and terminals exceeded the percentage increase in the value of payments made, which resulted in the growth of efficiency score in those countries. On the other hand, in countries such as Bulgaria, Romania, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, there is a decrease in efficiency due to higher growth in the number of ATM and terminals, compared with the growth rate of the value of payments made by them. In the group of analysed countries, there were the countries with such a structure of input and output parameters in both years were able to maintain the effectiveness (Finland, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, and United Kingdom). DEA analysis results confirm the assumption that if an increasing number of devices aren’t supported by the use of the clients, it will have the negative impact of the banking sector in the form of lost efficiency. The results of the correlation and regression analysis confirmed a significant impact of parameters (number of ATM and terminals; values of payments) to achieved efficiency.